Spare Parts EOQ Calculator

EOQ assumes stable demand, fixed order cost and no quantity discounts or stockouts.

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1 Inputs

Minimum: 1

Minimum: 0.01

Minimum: 0.01

Minimum: 0

Minimum: 0

2 Results

Economic Order Quantity
134 units
Orders per year
8.9
Reorder point
66 units
Order cycle
41 days
Total annual cost
$1,233
EOQ = √(2DS/H); ROP = D/365 × L + SS
EOQ assumes stable demand, fixed order cost and no quantity discounts or stockouts. Reorder point uses a 365-day year. Round quantities to pack sizes and review critical or intermittent-demand spares separately.

Worked example

Example values are illustrative. Replace them with your measured data.

InputValue
Annual demand1200 units/yr
Cost per order60 $/order
Holding cost per unit per year8 $/unit/yr
Lead time14 days
Safety stock20 units

Economic Order Quantity: 134 units

Related tools

About this calculator

How it works

EOQ = √(2 × annual demand × cost per order ÷ holding cost per unit per year). The tool then gives orders per year (demand ÷ EOQ) and days between orders (365 ÷ orders per year). Reorder point = (annual demand ÷ 365) × lead time in days + safety stock. Total annual cost = orders per year × order cost + (EOQ ÷ 2 + safety stock) × holding cost.

Worked example (illustrative inputs)

1,200 units a year, $60 per order, $8 holding cost per unit per year, 14-day lead time, 20 units of safety stock. EOQ = √(144,000 ÷ 8) ≈ 134 units. That is about 8.9 orders a year, one every 41 days. Reorder point ≈ 3.29 × 14 + 20 ≈ 66 units. Total annual cost ≈ $1,233.

How to read the result

Order the EOQ quantity each time stock falls to the reorder point. Total cost changes little near the optimum (about 20% either way barely moves it), so rounding to a pack size or the vendor minimum is reasonable. For critical spares, set the safety stock from the part's criticality, not from EOQ alone.

When to use it

Use it for spares with fairly steady, independent demand. It does not suit lumpy or one-off consumption.

À propos de ce calculateur

Traduction (brouillon) — à relire.

Fonctionnement

QEC (EOQ) = √(2 × demande annuelle × coût par commande ÷ coût de possession par unité et par an). L'outil donne ensuite le nombre de commandes par an (demande ÷ QEC) et l'intervalle entre commandes (365 ÷ commandes par an). Point de commande = (demande annuelle ÷ 365) × délai en jours + stock de sécurité. Coût annuel total = commandes × coût de commande + (QEC ÷ 2 + stock de sécurité) × coût de possession.

Exemple chiffré (valeurs d'illustration)

1 200 unités par an, 60 $ par commande, 8 $ de possession par unité et par an, délai de 14 jours, stock de sécurité de 20. QEC = √(144 000 ÷ 8) ≈ 134 unités. Cela fait environ 8,9 commandes par an, une tous les 41 jours. Point de commande ≈ 3,29 × 14 + 20 ≈ 66 unités. Coût annuel total ≈ 1 233 $.

Lire le résultat

Commandez la QEC chaque fois que le stock atteint le point de commande. Le coût total varie peu autour de l'optimum (environ 20 % d'écart le bouge à peine), donc arrondir au conditionnement ou au minimum fournisseur est raisonnable. Pour une pièce critique, fixez le stock de sécurité selon sa criticité, pas seulement selon la QEC.

Quand l'utiliser

À utiliser pour des pièces dont la consommation est assez régulière et indépendante. Le modèle ne convient pas à une consommation irrégulière ou ponctuelle.

حول هذه الحاسبة

ترجمة (مسودة) — للمراجعة.

طريقة الحساب

كمية الطلب الاقتصادية EOQ = √(2 × الطلب السنوي × تكلفة الطلبية ÷ تكلفة الاحتفاظ لكل وحدة سنوياً). ثم تعطي الأداة عدد الطلبيات في السنة (الطلب ÷ EOQ) والأيام بين الطلبيات (365 ÷ عدد الطلبيات). نقطة إعادة الطلب = (الطلب السنوي ÷ 365) × مهلة التوريد بالأيام + مخزون الأمان. التكلفة السنوية الإجمالية = الطلبيات × تكلفة الطلبية + (EOQ ÷ 2 + مخزون الأمان) × تكلفة الاحتفاظ.

مثال محسوب (قيم توضيحية)

1200 وحدة سنوياً، 60 دولاراً للطلبية، 8 دولارات احتفاظ لكل وحدة سنوياً، مهلة 14 يوماً، مخزون أمان 20 وحدة. EOQ = √(144,000 ÷ 8) ≈ 134 وحدة. أي نحو 8.9 طلبية في السنة، طلبية كل 41 يوماً. نقطة إعادة الطلب ≈ 3.29 × 14 + 20 ≈ 66 وحدة. التكلفة السنوية ≈ 1,233 دولاراً.

قراءة النتيجة

اطلب كمية EOQ كلما وصل المخزون إلى نقطة إعادة الطلب. التكلفة الإجمالية لا تتغير كثيراً قرب القيمة المثلى (انحراف نحو 20% بالكاد يؤثر)، لذا يمكن التقريب إلى حجم العبوة أو الحد الأدنى لدى المورد. بالنسبة لقطع الغيار الحرجة، حدّد مخزون الأمان حسب درجة حرجيتها، لا حسب EOQ وحدها.

متى تستخدمه

استخدمها لقطع ذات استهلاك منتظم نسبياً ومستقل، ولا تناسب الاستهلاك المتقطع أو لمرة واحدة.

In one line

EOQ assumes stable demand, fixed order cost and no quantity discounts or stockouts. Reorder point uses a 365-day year. Round quantities to pack sizes and review critical or intermittent-demand spares separately.

Worked example

EXAMPLE

Illustrative values (the calculator defaults), not data from a real site.

Inputs
Annual demand1200 units/yr
Cost per order60 $/order
Holding cost per unit per year8 $/unit/yr
Lead time14 days
Safety stock20 units
Results
Economic Order Quantity134 units
Orders per year8.9
Reorder point66 units
Order cycle41 days
Total annual cost$1,233

Frequently asked questions

When should I not use EOQ for spare parts?

EOQ assumes steady, fairly predictable demand. For critical, slow-moving insurance spares where a stockout could shut down production, size holdings by criticality and failure risk rather than by ordering-cost economics — EOQ can badly understate what you should carry for those parts.

How is the reorder point calculated?

Reorder point equals average demand during the lead time (daily demand × lead time in days) plus your safety stock. Longer or more variable lead times, and higher-criticality parts, warrant a larger safety stock buffer.

What if I don't know my true ordering cost or holding cost?

Estimate ordering cost from the labor and admin time to place, receive and process a purchase order, and estimate holding cost as a percentage of the part's unit value covering capital tied up, storage, insurance, and obsolescence risk. Because EOQ is not very sensitive to these inputs, reasonable estimates are usually good enough.

Why does the tool show orders per year and order cycle if I only care about the EOQ number?

They help you sanity-check the result against real-world constraints — if the model says to order every 3 days but your supplier has a weekly delivery schedule, you'll need to adjust the order quantity or accept a different cost trade-off.

Does EOQ account for quantity discounts from suppliers?

No, this is the basic EOQ model without price breaks. If a supplier offers a lower unit price above a certain order size, compare the total cost including that discount at the larger quantity against the EOQ-optimal total cost separately.

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